An EndNote data base contains a number of fields which will differ between reference types (book, journal article, technical report, conference proceedings, etc.). Discussed here are selected details of most of these fields, to indicate the kinds of information encoded. Not all of the data fields are used in every reference type; the "technical report" type, most often used in this bibliography, has the greatest variety of data fields assigned to it.

Author – The data base is normally alphabetized by primary author, then year (listing basis and order can be manipulated within EndNote). Author may be one or more names, or may be a company, agency, or other entity as presented on the title page of the referenced document.

Year and Date – Year is that which is indicated on the title page or copyright statement. Date (sometimes blank) provides month and day information if given on document title page. NOTE: for certain data bases, such as the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) annual water quality reports, the Year field is the range of years covered by the specific entry (see "data bases" below). This range may be greater than the actual range of data records, representing instead the years actually covered. That is, an entry such as 1980-89 indicates the entry covers all records for those ten years, although records for a particular stream or location may exist for only some of those years as indicated in the Keywords field.

Title – Document title as given on title page. Journal articles, book sections, and technical reports capitalize only first word and proper nouns.

Document Title (EIS) field is used to provide the name of a master document (such as an EIS) which contains the subject reference as an appendix, chapter, or supporting attachment. (used for Technical Reports only).

Company/Institution – This field provides the company, agency, or other entity which prepared the subject reference. This may be the same as author in some cases, providing the additional information of entity location (e.g., "University of Hawaii, Sea Grant Program, Manoa"; Technical Reports only).

Client – Provides name of company, agency, or entity for which the referenced document was prepared. (Technical Reports only).

Library – The "Library" field includes a coding for where the reference document might be found. Following is a list of the codes used. Not all of these libraries have been searched for all of the database references. It is expected that the larger libraries (e.g., UH) will have many of the documents, although this fact may not be indicated in the database.

AECOS – AECOS Inc. (Private corporation; 45-939 Kamehameha Hwy, Rm 104, Kane`ohe).
BPBM -Bernice P. Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice St., Honolulu.
DBEDT – Dept. of Business, Economic Development & Tourism (State of Hawaii; 250 S. Hotel St., Honolulu).
DLNR-DAR - Division of Aquatic Resources, Dept. of Land and Natural Resources (State of Hawaii; 1151 Punchbowl Street, 3rd Floor, Honolulu).
HDOH - Dept. of Health (State of Hawaii; ). MRRC -- Municipal Reference and Records Center (City & County of Honolulu; 558 King Street, Honolulu).
OEQC -- Office of Environmental Quality Control (State of Hawaii; 235 S. Beretania Street, 7^th Floor, Honolulu).
UHM – Hamilton Library, University of Hawaii (State of Hawaii; UH Manoa Campus).
UH-SEAGRANT - Sea Grant Program, University of Hawaii, Manoa Campus (Marine Sciences Bldg., 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu).
UHEC – Environmental Center, University of Hawaii,(State of Hawaii; Krauss Hall, 2500 Dole Street, Honolulu).
USGS - U.S. Geological Survey (677 Ala Moana Blvd., Suite 415, Honolulu).

EndNote bibliographies can be searched in a variety of ways. A general search can be made for any word contained in the data base; or a search can be limited to words (or dates) within specific fields, or some combination of general and specific searches. "And," "Or," "Not," and comparative operators are supported in searches. Search refinement is endless because each search yields a subset list of entries fitting the previous query that can itself be searched. Further, the subset can be trimmed or expanded by further search operations.

The Custom 1 field in CZMWQDIR is designated for geographic searches, and should be used for this purpose. Doing an "Any field" search for "Honolulu" for example, will list anything published in Honolulu (or for a client with an office in Honolulu) as well as studies actually conducted in Honolulu. References which are not specific to any particular location or may pertain to the Hawaiian Islands generally have this field blank, since it is a basic assumption of the data base that included references have something to do with aquatic environments in the Hawaiian Islands. (A search for blank Custom 1 field can be made by inserting an equal sign as the only search parameter).

Each bibliographic entry is given geographical data in the Custom 1 field which includes place name(s) and island ("Hawaii" is the Big Island, not the entire State), always without `akinas (glottal stop) or macrons. The island name is preceded by a compass direction (e.g., SW Oahu) to allow for more general searches by quadrant (only SW, NW, NE, SE are used). Thus, all bibliographic entries for streams, wetlands, and fishpond references pertaining to O`ahu's windward side could be found by doing a Custom 1 field search for "NE Oahu." Site locations which occur at or very close to the boundaries between quadrants are coded to both quadrants (e.g., Kahuku area would be NW Oahu and NE Oahu). The delimiters for quadrant designation in the Geographical field are as follows (note that these are not always the northern-, eastern-, southern-, and western-most points of an island):

End Note includes a Keyword field. In the CZMWQDIR Bibliography, use of this field is restricted to the terms listed below, which must be entered as shown. Offset words are meant to be combined (for example: "algae taxonomy"), but all words may also be used alone. Searches limited to the keyword field will yield all references dealing with or including material on specific subjects. However, since the references have come from a wide variety of sources, this field is not necessarily complete for many of the references in the data base. Words in parentheses are alternatives included in the keyword list, but always paired as shown. Words in brackets are explanatory and not part of the keyword list.

anchialine 
bay (harbor) 
chlorophyll 
discharge (flow) 
dissolved solids (salinity) 
estuary (muliwai) 
fishpond 
marine [shoreline and open embayments] 
marsh (wetland) 
metals [Al, Ca, Fe, Mn, Mg, Na] 
microbes (bacteria) 
nutrients [forms of nitrogen and phosphorus]
ocean [offshore]
oil & grease (petrochemicals) 
ORP
oxygen (DO) 
oxygen demand (COD, BOD) 
PCB 
pesticides 
pH 
pools and ponds 
(sediment) 
silica (silicate) 
solvants 
spring 
stream 
sulfide (odor)  
sulphate 
suspended solids (TSS) 
temperature 
(tissue) 
toc 
toxic metals [Ag, As,  Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Va, Zn] 
turbidity

In addition to the words listed above, the keyword field also includes (where appropriate) the State of Hawaii perennial stream code (e.g., Hawaii Stream Assessment, 1990). Thus, for perennial streams at least, all references to a particular stream system can be sorted out by searching for the proper code (for example, Kawa Stream on O`ahu is coded 3-2-11). In this case, 3- refers to O`ahu, and 3-2- refers to the Ko`olaupoko District of windward O`ahu and these shortened codes could be used to group perennial stream references by area.

Besides the standard entries representing individual bibliographic references, CZMWQDIR includes references to information contained in data base type records that must be treated specially to yield searchable entries. The USGS annual reports titled "Water Resources Data for Hawaii and other Pacific Areas" are examples of water quality records that include, within a single document, multiple locations and analyses. These volumes cannot be entered into the bibliography in the standard manner (one entry per volume) because a search for any combination of location and analysis would yield many entries for which the combination might not apply -- the water quality data (Keyword field) may pertain to another stream (Geographic field) covered in the same volume. Therefore, data base type entries are included in CZMWQDIR specific to location, with all records of water quality for the location (for example, stream system) sorted in the Keywords list by year(s). Thus, a geographic search for "Manoa Stream," for example, would yield one or more data base entries, but each entry will be specific to the Manoa Stream and tributaries and include, within the Keywords field, the years and/or volumes that contain keyword terms. Following is an example of keyword entries for a data base type record showing the years (1980-1985) for which flow, conductivity, pH, and temperature were measured and the years (1986-1998 and 2000) that only flow was measured at one or more points in Manoa Stream:

3-3-07: 80-85: discharge (flow) / dissolved solids (salinity) / pH / temperature
3-3-07: 86-98, 00: discharge (flow)

This reference Keywords entry covers 21 years (1980-2000) of data base records or, in this case, 21 volumes of USGS water resources data. Note that one should not attempt to search for place (Geographic field), analysis (Keywords field), and year (Year, Date, or Keywords fields).

Another Data Base incorporated into CZMWQDIR is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency "STORET" or Legacy Data Center (LDC). Ostensibly this data base contains historical water quality data dating back to the early part of the 20th century and collected up to the end of 1998. It is stated in various places that the LDC contains "30 years of data" and "data from 1965 to 1998." However, there are no Hawaii data entries earlier than 1973.